ci-libretro-fceumm/src/sound.c

/* FCE Ultra - NES/Famicom Emulator
 *
 * Copyright notice for this file:
 *  Copyright (C) 2002 Xodnizel
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 */

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

#include "fceu-types.h"
#include "x6502.h"

#include "fceu.h"
#include "sound.h"
#include "filter.h"
#include "state.h"

static uint32 wlookup1[32];
static uint32 wlookup2[203];

int32 Wave[2048 + 512];
int32 WaveHi[40000];
int32 WaveFinal[2048 + 512];

EXPSOUND GameExpSound = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };

static uint8 TriCount = 0;
static uint8 TriMode = 0;

static int32 tristep = 0;

static int32 wlcount[4] = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };	/* Wave length counters.	*/

static uint8 IRQFrameMode = 0;				/* $4017 / xx000000 */
static uint8 PSG[0x10];
static uint8 RawDALatch = 0;				/* $4011 0xxxxxxx */

uint8 EnabledChannels = 0;					/* Byte written to $4015 */

typedef struct {
	uint8 Speed;
	uint8 Mode;	/* Fixed volume(1), and loop(2) */
	uint8 DecCountTo1;
	uint8 decvolume;
	int reloaddec;
} ENVUNIT;

unsigned DMC_7bit = 0; /* used to skip overclocking */
static ENVUNIT EnvUnits[3];

static const int RectDuties[4] = { 1, 2, 4, 6 };

static int32 RectDutyCount[2];
static uint8 sweepon[2];
static int32 curfreq[2];
static uint8 SweepCount[2];
static uint8 sweepReload[2];

static uint16 nreg = 0;

static uint8 fcnt = 0;
static int32 fhcnt = 0;
static int32 fhinc = 0;

uint32 soundtsoffs = 0;

/* Variables exclusively for low-quality sound. */
int32 nesincsize = 0;
uint32 soundtsinc = 0;
uint32 soundtsi = 0;
static int32 sqacc[2];
static uint32 lq_tcout;
static int32 lq_triacc;
static int32 lq_noiseacc;
/* LQ variables segment ends. */

static int32 lengthcount[4];
static const uint8 lengthtable[0x20] =
{
	0x0A, 0xFE, 0x14, 0x02, 0x28, 0x04, 0x50, 0x06,
	0xa0, 0x08, 0x3c, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x0c, 0x1a, 0x0e,
	0x0c, 0x10, 0x18, 0x12, 0x30, 0x14, 0x60, 0x16,
	0xc0, 0x18, 0x48, 0x1a, 0x10, 0x1c, 0x20, 0x1E
};

static const uint32 NTSCNoiseFreqTable[0x10] =
{
	0x004, 0x008, 0x010, 0x020, 0x040, 0x060, 0x080, 0x0A0,
	0x0CA, 0x0FE, 0x17C, 0x1FC, 0x2FA, 0x3F8, 0x7F2, 0xFE4
};

static const uint32 PALNoiseFreqTable[0x10] =
{
	0x004, 0x008, 0x00E, 0x01E, 0x03C, 0x058, 0x076, 0x094,
	0x0BC, 0x0EC, 0x162, 0x1D8, 0x2C4, 0x3B0, 0x762, 0xEC2
};

static const uint32 NTSCDMCTable[0x10] =
{
	0x1AC, 0x17C, 0x154, 0x140, 0x11E, 0x0FE, 0x0E2, 0x0D6,
	0x0BE, 0x0A0, 0x08E, 0x080, 0x06A, 0x054, 0x048, 0x036
};

static const uint32 PALDMCTable[0x10] =
{
	0x18E, 0x162, 0x13C, 0x12A, 0x114, 0x0EC, 0x0D2, 0x0C6,
	0x0B0, 0x094, 0x084, 0x076, 0x062, 0x04E, 0x042, 0x032
};

/* $4010  -  Frequency
 * $4011  -  Actual data outputted
 * $4012  -  Address register: $c000 + V*64
 * $4013  -  Size register:  Size in bytes = (V+1)*64
 */

static int32 DMCacc = 1;
static int32 DMCPeriod = 0;
static uint8 DMCBitCount = 0;

static uint8 DMCAddressLatch = 0, DMCSizeLatch = 0;	/* writes to 4012 and 4013 */
static uint8 DMCFormat = 0;							/* Write to $4010 */

static uint32 DMCAddress = 0;
static int32 DMCSize = 0;
static uint8 DMCShift = 0;
static uint8 SIRQStat = 0;

static char DMCHaveDMA = 0;
static uint8 DMCDMABuf = 0;
static char DMCHaveSample = 0;

static void Dummyfunc(void) { }
static void (*DoNoise)(void) = Dummyfunc;
static void (*DoTriangle)(void) = Dummyfunc;
static void (*DoPCM)(void) = Dummyfunc;
static void (*DoSQ1)(void) = Dummyfunc;
static void (*DoSQ2)(void) = Dummyfunc;

static uint32 ChannelBC[5];

static void LoadDMCPeriod(uint8 V) {
	if (PAL)
		DMCPeriod = PALDMCTable[V];
	else
		DMCPeriod = NTSCDMCTable[V];
}

static void PrepDPCM() {
	DMCAddress = 0x4000 + (DMCAddressLatch << 6);
	DMCSize = (DMCSizeLatch << 4) + 1;
}

/* Instantaneous?  Maybe the new freq value is being calculated all of the time... */

static int FASTAPASS(2) CheckFreq(uint32 cf, uint8 sr) {
	uint32 mod;
	if (!(sr & 0x8)) {
		mod = cf >> (sr & 7);
		if ((mod + cf) & 0x800)
			return(0);
	}
	return(1);
}

static void SQReload(int x, uint8 V) {
	if (EnabledChannels & (1 << x))
		lengthcount[x] = lengthtable[(V >> 3) & 0x1f];

	curfreq[x] = (curfreq[x] & 0xff) | ((V & 7) << 8);
	RectDutyCount[x] = 7;
	EnvUnits[x].reloaddec = 1;
}

static DECLFW(Write_PSG) {
	A &= 0x1F;
	switch (A) {
	case 0x0:
		DoSQ1();
		EnvUnits[0].Mode = (V & 0x30) >> 4;
		EnvUnits[0].Speed = (V & 0xF);
		if (swapDuty)
			V = (V & 0x3F) | ((V & 0x80) >> 1) | ((V & 0x40) << 1);
		break;
	case 0x1:
		DoSQ1();
		sweepReload[0] = 1;
		sweepon[0] = (V & 0x80);
		break;
	case 0x2:
		DoSQ1();
		curfreq[0] &= 0xFF00;
		curfreq[0] |= V;
		break;
	case 0x3:
		DoSQ1();
		SQReload(0, V);
		break;
	case 0x4:
		DoSQ2();
		EnvUnits[1].Mode = (V & 0x30) >> 4;
		EnvUnits[1].Speed = (V & 0xF);
		if (swapDuty)
			V = (V & 0x3F) | ((V & 0x80) >> 1) | ((V & 0x40) << 1);
		break;
	case 0x5:
		DoSQ2();
		sweepReload[1] = 1;
		sweepon[1] = (V & 0x80);
		break;
	case 0x6:
		DoSQ2();
		curfreq[1] &= 0xFF00;
		curfreq[1] |= V;
		break;
	case 0x7:
		DoSQ2();
		SQReload(1, V);
		break;
	case 0xa:
		DoTriangle();
		break;
	case 0xb:
		DoTriangle();
		if (EnabledChannels & 0x4)
			lengthcount[2] = lengthtable[(V >> 3) & 0x1f];
		TriMode = 1;	/* Load mode */
		break;
	case 0xC:
		DoNoise();
		EnvUnits[2].Mode = (V & 0x30) >> 4;
		EnvUnits[2].Speed = (V & 0xF);
		break;
	case 0xE:
		DoNoise();
		break;
	case 0xF:
		DoNoise();
		if (EnabledChannels & 0x8)
			lengthcount[3] = lengthtable[(V >> 3) & 0x1f];
		EnvUnits[2].reloaddec = 1;
		break;
	case 0x10:
		DoPCM();
		LoadDMCPeriod(V & 0xF);

		if (SIRQStat & 0x80) {
			if (!(V & 0x80)) {
				X6502_IRQEnd(FCEU_IQDPCM);
				SIRQStat &= ~0x80;
			} else X6502_IRQBegin(FCEU_IQDPCM);
		}
		break;
	}
	PSG[A] = V;
}

static DECLFW(Write_DMCRegs) {
	A &= 0xF;

	switch (A) {
	case 0x00: DoPCM();
		LoadDMCPeriod(V & 0xF);

		if (SIRQStat & 0x80) {
			if (!(V & 0x80)) {
				X6502_IRQEnd(FCEU_IQDPCM);
				SIRQStat &= ~0x80;
			} else X6502_IRQBegin(FCEU_IQDPCM);
		}
		DMCFormat = V;
		break;
	case 0x01: DoPCM();
		RawDALatch = V & 0x7F;
		if (RawDALatch)
			DMC_7bit = 1;
		break;
	case 0x02:
		DMCAddressLatch = V;
		if (V)
			DMC_7bit = 0;
		break;
	case 0x03:
		DMCSizeLatch = V;
		if (V)
			DMC_7bit = 0;
      break;
	}
}

static DECLFW(StatusWrite) {
	int x;

	DoSQ1();
	DoSQ2();
	DoTriangle();
	DoNoise();
	DoPCM();

	for (x = 0; x < 4; x++)
		if (!(V & (1 << x))) lengthcount[x] = 0;	/* Force length counters to 0. */

	if (V & 0x10) {
		if (!DMCSize)
			PrepDPCM();
	} else {
		DMCSize = 0;
	}
	SIRQStat &= ~0x80;
	X6502_IRQEnd(FCEU_IQDPCM);
	EnabledChannels = V & 0x1F;
}

static DECLFR(StatusRead) {
	int x;
	uint8 ret;

	ret = SIRQStat;

	for (x = 0; x < 4; x++) ret |= lengthcount[x] ? (1 << x) : 0;
	if (DMCSize) ret |= 0x10;

	#ifdef FCEUDEF_DEBUGGER
	if (!fceuindbg)
	#endif
	{
		SIRQStat &= ~0x40;
		X6502_IRQEnd(FCEU_IQFCOUNT);
	}
	return ret;
}

static void FASTAPASS(1) FrameSoundStuff(int V) {
	int P;

	DoSQ1();
	DoSQ2();
	DoNoise();
	DoTriangle();

	if (!(V & 1)) {	/* Envelope decay, linear counter, length counter, freq sweep */
		if (!(PSG[8] & 0x80))
			if (lengthcount[2] > 0)
				lengthcount[2]--;

		if (!(PSG[0xC] & 0x20))	/* Make sure loop flag is not set. */
			if (lengthcount[3] > 0)
				lengthcount[3]--;

		for (P = 0; P < 2; P++) {
			if (!(PSG[P << 2] & 0x20))	/* Make sure loop flag is not set. */
				if (lengthcount[P] > 0)
					lengthcount[P]--;

			/* Frequency Sweep Code Here */
			/* xxxx 0000 */
			/* xxxx = hz.  120/(x+1)*/
			/* http://wiki.nesdev.com/w/index.php/APU_Sweep */
			if (SweepCount[P] > 0) SweepCount[P]--;
			if (SweepCount[P] <= 0) {
				uint32 sweepShift = (PSG[(P << 2) + 0x1] & 7);
				if (sweepon[P] && sweepShift && curfreq[P] >= 8) {
					int32 mod = (curfreq[P] >> sweepShift);
					if (PSG[(P << 2) + 0x1] & 0x8) {
						curfreq[P] -= (mod + (P ^ 1));
					} else if ((mod + curfreq[P]) < 0x800) {
						curfreq[P] += mod;
					}
				}

				SweepCount[P] = (((PSG[(P << 2) + 0x1] >> 4) & 7) + 1);
			}

			if (sweepReload[P]) {
				SweepCount[P] = (((PSG[(P << 2) + 0x1] >> 4) & 7) + 1);
				sweepReload[P] = 0;
			}
		}
	}

	/* Now do envelope decay + linear counter. */

	if (TriMode)/* In load mode? */
		TriCount = PSG[0x8] & 0x7F;
	else if (TriCount)
		TriCount--;

	if (!(PSG[0x8] & 0x80))
		TriMode = 0;

	for (P = 0; P < 3; P++) {
		if (EnvUnits[P].reloaddec) {
			EnvUnits[P].decvolume = 0xF;
			EnvUnits[P].DecCountTo1 = EnvUnits[P].Speed + 1;
			EnvUnits[P].reloaddec = 0;
			continue;
		}

		if (EnvUnits[P].DecCountTo1 > 0) EnvUnits[P].DecCountTo1--;
		if (EnvUnits[P].DecCountTo1 == 0) {
			EnvUnits[P].DecCountTo1 = EnvUnits[P].Speed + 1;
			if (EnvUnits[P].decvolume || (EnvUnits[P].Mode & 0x2)) {
				EnvUnits[P].decvolume--;
				EnvUnits[P].decvolume &= 0xF;
			}
		}
	}
}

void FrameSoundUpdate(void) {
	/* Linear counter:  Bit 0-6 of $4008
	 * Length counter:  Bit 4-7 of $4003, $4007, $400b, $400f
	 */

	if (fcnt == 3) {
		if (IRQFrameMode & 0x2)
			fhcnt += fhinc;
	}

	FrameSoundStuff(fcnt);
	fcnt = (fcnt + 1) & 3;

	/* has to be moved here to fix Dragon Warrior 4
	 * after irq inhibit fix for $4017 */
	if (!fcnt && !(IRQFrameMode & 0x3)) {
		SIRQStat |= 0x40;
		X6502_IRQBegin(FCEU_IQFCOUNT);
	}
}

static INLINE void tester(void) {
	if (DMCBitCount == 0) {
		if (!DMCHaveDMA)
			DMCHaveSample = 0;
		else {
			DMCHaveSample = 1;
			DMCShift = DMCDMABuf;
			DMCHaveDMA = 0;
		}
	}
}

static INLINE void DMCDMA(void) {
	if (DMCSize && !DMCHaveDMA) {
		X6502_DMR(0x8000 + DMCAddress);
		X6502_DMR(0x8000 + DMCAddress);
		X6502_DMR(0x8000 + DMCAddress);
		DMCDMABuf = X6502_DMR(0x8000 + DMCAddress);
		DMCHaveDMA = 1;
		DMCAddress = (DMCAddress + 1) & 0x7fff;
		DMCSize--;
		if (!DMCSize) {
			if (DMCFormat & 0x40)
				PrepDPCM();
			else {
				if (DMCFormat & 0x80) {
					SIRQStat |= 0x80;
					X6502_IRQBegin(FCEU_IQDPCM);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

void FASTAPASS(1) FCEU_SoundCPUHook(int cycles) {
	fhcnt -= cycles * 48;
	if (fhcnt <= 0) {
		FrameSoundUpdate();
		fhcnt += fhinc;
	}

	DMCDMA();
	DMCacc -= cycles;

	while (DMCacc <= 0) {
		if (DMCHaveSample) {
			uint8 bah = RawDALatch;
			int t = ((DMCShift & 1) << 2) - 2;
			/* Unbelievably ugly hack */
			if (FSettings.SndRate) {
				soundtsoffs += DMCacc;
				DoPCM();
				soundtsoffs -= DMCacc;
			}
			RawDALatch += t;
			if (RawDALatch & 0x80)
				RawDALatch = bah;
		}

		DMCacc += DMCPeriod;
		DMCBitCount = (DMCBitCount + 1) & 7;
		DMCShift >>= 1;
		tester();
	}
}

void RDoPCM(void) {
	uint32 V;

	for (V = ChannelBC[4]; V < SOUNDTS; V++)
		/* TODO: get rid of floating calculations to binary. set log volume scaling. */
		WaveHi[V] += (((RawDALatch << 16) / 256) * FSettings.PCMVolume ) & (~0xFFFF);

	ChannelBC[4] = SOUNDTS;
}

/* This has the correct phase.  Don't mess with it. */
static INLINE void RDoSQ(int x) {
	int32 V;
	int32 amp;
	int32 rthresh;
	int32 *D;
	int32 currdc;
	int32 cf;
	int32 rc;

	V = SOUNDTS - ChannelBC[x];
	cf = (curfreq[x] + 1) * 2;
	rc = wlcount[x];

	/* added 2018/12/08 */
	/* when pulse channel is silenced, resets length counters but not
	 * duty cycle, instead of resetting both */
	if ((curfreq[x] < 8 || curfreq[x] > 0x7ff) ||
	!CheckFreq(curfreq[x], PSG[(x << 2) | 0x1]) ||
	!lengthcount[x]) {
		rc -= V;
		if (rc <= 0) {
			rc = cf - (-rc % cf);
		}
	} else {
		int dutyCycle;

		if (EnvUnits[x].Mode & 0x1)
			amp = EnvUnits[x].Speed;
		else
			amp = EnvUnits[x].decvolume;

		/* Modify Square wave volume based on channel volume modifiers
		 * Note: the formulat x = x * y /100 does not yield exact results,
		 * but is "close enough" and avoids the need for using double values
		 * or implicit cohersion which are slower (we need speed here) */
		/* TODO: Optimize this. */
		if (FSettings.SquareVolume[x] != 256)
			amp = (amp * FSettings.SquareVolume[x]) / 256;

		amp <<= 24;
		dutyCycle = (PSG[(x << 2)] & 0xC0) >> 6;
		rthresh = RectDuties[dutyCycle];
		currdc = RectDutyCount[x];
		D = &WaveHi[ChannelBC[x]];

		while (V > 0) {
			if (currdc < rthresh)
				*D += amp;
			rc--;
			if (!rc) {
				rc = cf;
				currdc = (currdc + 1) & 7;
			}
			V--;
			D++;
		}

		RectDutyCount[x] = currdc;
	}

	wlcount[x] = rc;
	ChannelBC[x] = SOUNDTS;
}

static void RDoSQ1(void) {
	RDoSQ(0);
}

static void RDoSQ2(void) {
	RDoSQ(1);
}

static void RDoSQLQ(void) {
	int32 start, end;
	int32 V;
	int32 amp[2];
	int32 rthresh[2];
	int32 freq[2];
	int x;
	int32 inie[2];

	int32 ttable[2][8];
	int32 totalout;

	start = ChannelBC[0];
	end = (SOUNDTS << 16) / soundtsinc;
	if (end <= start) return;
	ChannelBC[0] = end;

	for (x = 0; x < 2; x++) {
		int y;
		int dutyCycle;

		inie[x] = nesincsize;
		if (curfreq[x] < 8 || curfreq[x] > 0x7ff)
			inie[x] = 0;
		if (!CheckFreq(curfreq[x], PSG[(x << 2) | 0x1]))
			inie[x] = 0;
		if (!lengthcount[x])
			inie[x] = 0;

		if (EnvUnits[x].Mode & 0x1)
			amp[x] = EnvUnits[x].Speed;
		else
			amp[x] = EnvUnits[x].decvolume;

		/* Modify Square wave volume based on channel volume modifiers
		 * Note: the formulat x = x * y /100 does not yield exact results,
		 * but is "close enough" and avoids the need for using double vales
		 * or implicit cohersion which are slower (we need speed here)
		 * fixed - setting up maximum volume for square2 caused complete mute square2 channel.
		 * TODO: Optimize this. */
		if (FSettings.SquareVolume[x] != 256)
			amp[x] = (amp[x] * FSettings.SquareVolume[x]) / 256;

		if (!inie[x]) amp[x] = 0;	/* Correct? Buzzing in MM2, others otherwise... */

		dutyCycle = (PSG[(x << 2)] & 0xC0) >> 6;
		rthresh[x] = RectDuties[dutyCycle];

		for (y = 0; y < 8; y++) {
			if (y < rthresh[x])
				ttable[x][y] = amp[x];
			else
				ttable[x][y] = 0;
		}
		freq[x] = (curfreq[x] + 1) << 1;
		freq[x] <<= 17;
	}

	totalout = wlookup1[ ttable[0][RectDutyCount[0]] + ttable[1][RectDutyCount[1]] ];

	if (!inie[0] && !inie[1]) {
		for (V = start; V < end; V++)
			Wave[V >> 4] += totalout;
	} else {
		for (V = start; V < end; V++) {
			/* int tmpamp=0;
			if(RectDutyCount[0]<rthresh[0])
			 tmpamp=amp[0];
			if(RectDutyCount[1]<rthresh[1])
			 tmpamp+=amp[1];
			tmpamp=wlookup1[tmpamp];
			tmpamp = wlookup1[ ttable[0][RectDutyCount[0]] + ttable[1][RectDutyCount[1]] ];
			*/

			Wave[V >> 4] += totalout;	/* tmpamp; */

			sqacc[0] -= inie[0];
			sqacc[1] -= inie[1];

			if (sqacc[0] <= 0) {
 rea:
				sqacc[0] += freq[0];
				RectDutyCount[0] = (RectDutyCount[0] + 1) & 7;
				if (sqacc[0] <= 0) goto rea;
				totalout = wlookup1[ ttable[0][RectDutyCount[0]] + ttable[1][RectDutyCount[1]] ];
			}

			if (sqacc[1] <= 0) {
 rea2:
				sqacc[1] += freq[1];
				RectDutyCount[1] = (RectDutyCount[1] + 1) & 7;
				if (sqacc[1] <= 0) goto rea2;
				totalout = wlookup1[ ttable[0][RectDutyCount[0]] + ttable[1][RectDutyCount[1]] ];
			}
		}
	}
}

static void RDoTriangle(void) {
	int32 V;
	int32 tcout = (tristep & 0xF);
	if (!(tristep & 0x10)) tcout ^= 0xF;
	tcout = (tcout * 3) << 16;	/* (tcout<<1); */

	if (!lengthcount[2] || !TriCount) {	/* Counter is halted, but we still need to output. */
		int32 *start = &WaveHi[ChannelBC[2]];
		int32 count = SOUNDTS - ChannelBC[2];
		while (count--) {
			*start += (tcout / 256 * FSettings.TriangleVolume) & (~0xFFFF);  /* TODO OPTIMIZE ME */
			start++;
		}

		/* cout = (tcout / 256 * FSettings.TriangleVolume) & (~0xFFFF);
		for(V = ChannelBC[2]; V < SOUNDTS; V++)
			WaveHi[V] += cout; */

	} else {
		for (V = ChannelBC[2]; V < SOUNDTS; V++) {
			WaveHi[V] += (tcout / 256 * FSettings.TriangleVolume) & (~0xFFFF);  /* TODO OPTIMIZE ME! */
			wlcount[2]--;
			if (!wlcount[2]) {
				wlcount[2] = (PSG[0xa] | ((PSG[0xb] & 7) << 8)) + 1;
				tristep++;
				tcout = (tristep & 0xF);
				if (!(tristep & 0x10)) tcout ^= 0xF;
				tcout = (tcout * 3) << 16;
			}
		}
    }

	ChannelBC[2] = SOUNDTS;
}

static void RDoTriangleNoisePCMLQ(void) {
	int32 V;
	int32 start, end;
	int32 freq[2];
	int32 inie[2];
	uint32 amptab[2];
	uint32 noiseout;
	int nshift;

	int32 totalout;

	start = ChannelBC[2];
	end = (SOUNDTS << 16) / soundtsinc;
	if (end <= start) return;
	ChannelBC[2] = end;

	inie[0] = inie[1] = nesincsize;

	freq[0] = (((PSG[0xa] | ((PSG[0xb] & 7) << 8)) + 1));

	if (!lengthcount[2] || !TriCount || freq[0] <= 4)
		inie[0] = 0;

	freq[0] <<= 17;
	if (EnvUnits[2].Mode & 0x1)
		amptab[0] = EnvUnits[2].Speed;
	else
		amptab[0] = EnvUnits[2].decvolume;

	/* Modify Triangle wave volume based on channel volume modifiers
	 * Note: the formulat x = x * y /100 does not yield exact results,
	 * but is "close enough" and avoids the need for using double vales
	 * or implicit cohersion which are slower (we need speed here)
	 * TODO: Optimize this. */
	if (FSettings.TriangleVolume != 256)
		amptab[0] = (amptab[0] * FSettings.TriangleVolume) / 256;

	amptab[1] = 0;
	amptab[0] <<= 1;

	if (!lengthcount[3])
		amptab[0] = inie[1] = 0;	/* Quick hack speedup, set inie[1] to 0 */

	noiseout = amptab[(nreg >> 0xe) & 1];

	if (PSG[0xE] & 0x80)
		nshift = 8;
	else
		nshift = 13;

	totalout = wlookup2[lq_tcout + noiseout + RawDALatch];

	if (inie[0] && inie[1]) {
		for (V = start; V < end; V++) {
			Wave[V >> 4] += totalout;

			lq_triacc -= inie[0];
			lq_noiseacc -= inie[1];

			if (lq_triacc <= 0) {
 rea:
				lq_triacc += freq[0];	/* t; */
				tristep = (tristep + 1) & 0x1F;
				if (lq_triacc <= 0) goto rea;
				lq_tcout = (tristep & 0xF);
				if (!(tristep & 0x10)) lq_tcout ^= 0xF;
				lq_tcout = lq_tcout * 3;
				totalout = wlookup2[lq_tcout + noiseout + RawDALatch];
			}

			if (lq_noiseacc <= 0) {
 rea2:
				/* used to added <<(16+2) when the noise table
				 * values were half.
				 */
				if (PAL)
					lq_noiseacc += PALNoiseFreqTable[PSG[0xE] & 0xF] << (16 + 1);
				else
					lq_noiseacc += NTSCNoiseFreqTable[PSG[0xE] & 0xF] << (16 + 1);
				nreg = (nreg << 1) + (((nreg >> nshift) ^ (nreg >> 14)) & 1);
				nreg &= 0x7fff;
				noiseout = amptab[(nreg >> 0xe) & 1];
				if (lq_noiseacc <= 0) goto rea2;
				totalout = wlookup2[lq_tcout + noiseout + RawDALatch];
			}	/* noiseacc<=0 */
		}	/* for(V=... */
	} else if (inie[0]) {
		for (V = start; V < end; V++) {
			Wave[V >> 4] += totalout;

			lq_triacc -= inie[0];

			if (lq_triacc <= 0) {
 area:
				lq_triacc += freq[0];	/* t; */
				tristep = (tristep + 1) & 0x1F;
				if (lq_triacc <= 0) goto area;
				lq_tcout = (tristep & 0xF);
				if (!(tristep & 0x10)) lq_tcout ^= 0xF;
				lq_tcout = lq_tcout * 3;
				totalout = wlookup2[lq_tcout + noiseout + RawDALatch];
			}
		}
	} else if (inie[1]) {
		for (V = start; V < end; V++) {
			Wave[V >> 4] += totalout;
			lq_noiseacc -= inie[1];
			if (lq_noiseacc <= 0) {
 area2:
				/* used to be added <<(16+2) when the noise table
				 * values were half.
				 */
				if (PAL)
					lq_noiseacc += PALNoiseFreqTable[PSG[0xE] & 0xF] << (16 + 1);
				else
					lq_noiseacc += NTSCNoiseFreqTable[PSG[0xE] & 0xF] << (16 + 1);
				nreg = (nreg << 1) + (((nreg >> nshift) ^ (nreg >> 14)) & 1);
				nreg &= 0x7fff;
				noiseout = amptab[(nreg >> 0xe) & 1];
				if (lq_noiseacc <= 0) goto area2;
				totalout = wlookup2[lq_tcout + noiseout + RawDALatch];
			}	/* noiseacc<=0 */
		}
	} else {
		for (V = start; V < end; V++)
			Wave[V >> 4] += totalout;
	}
}

static void RDoNoise(void) {
	uint32 V;
	int32 outo;
	uint32 amptab[2];

	if (EnvUnits[2].Mode & 0x1)
		amptab[0] = EnvUnits[2].Speed;
	else
		amptab[0] = EnvUnits[2].decvolume;

	/* Modify Noise wave volume based on channel volume modifiers
	* Note: the formulat x = x * y /100 does not yield exact results,
	* but is "close enough" and avoids the need for using double vales
	* or implicit cohersion which are slower (we need speed here)
	* TODO: Optimize this. */
	if (FSettings.NoiseVolume != 256)
		amptab[0] = (amptab[0] * FSettings.NoiseVolume) / 256;

	amptab[0] <<= 16;
	amptab[1] = 0;

	amptab[0] <<= 1;

	outo = amptab[(nreg >> 0xe) & 1];

	if (!lengthcount[3]) {
		outo = amptab[0] = 0;
	}

	if (PSG[0xE] & 0x80) {/* "short" noise */
		for (V = ChannelBC[3]; V < SOUNDTS; V++) {
			WaveHi[V] += outo;
			wlcount[3]--;
			if (!wlcount[3]) {
				uint8 feedback;
				if (PAL)
					wlcount[3] = PALNoiseFreqTable[PSG[0xE] & 0xF];
				else
					wlcount[3] = NTSCNoiseFreqTable[PSG[0xE] & 0xF];
				feedback = ((nreg >> 8) & 1) ^ ((nreg >> 14) & 1);
				nreg = (nreg << 1) + feedback;
				nreg &= 0x7fff;
				outo = amptab[(nreg >> 0xe) & 1];
			}
		}
	} else {
		for (V = ChannelBC[3]; V < SOUNDTS; V++) {
			WaveHi[V] += outo;
			wlcount[3]--;
			if (!wlcount[3]) {
				uint8 feedback;
				if (PAL)
					wlcount[3] = PALNoiseFreqTable[PSG[0xE] & 0xF];
				else
					wlcount[3] = NTSCNoiseFreqTable[PSG[0xE] & 0xF];
				feedback = ((nreg >> 13) & 1) ^ ((nreg >> 14) & 1);
				nreg = (nreg << 1) + feedback;
				nreg &= 0x7fff;
				outo = amptab[(nreg >> 0xe) & 1];
			}
		}
	}
	ChannelBC[3] = SOUNDTS;
}

DECLFW(Write_IRQFM) {
	V = (V & 0xC0) >> 6;
	fcnt = 0;
	if (V & 2)
		FrameSoundUpdate();
	/* fcnt = 1; */
	fhcnt = fhinc;
	if (V & 1) {
		X6502_IRQEnd(FCEU_IQFCOUNT);
		SIRQStat &= ~0x40;
	}
	IRQFrameMode = V;
}

void SetNESSoundMap(void) {
	SetWriteHandler(0x4000, 0x400F, Write_PSG);
	SetWriteHandler(0x4010, 0x4013, Write_DMCRegs);
	SetWriteHandler(0x4017, 0x4017, Write_IRQFM);

	SetWriteHandler(0x4015, 0x4015, StatusWrite);
	SetReadHandler(0x4015, 0x4015, StatusRead);
}

static int32 inbuf = 0;
int FlushEmulateSound(void) {
	int x;
	int32 end, left;

	if (!sound_timestamp) return(0);

	if (!FSettings.SndRate) {
		left = 0;
		end = 0;
		goto nosoundo;
	}

	DoSQ1();
	DoSQ2();
	DoTriangle();
	DoNoise();
	DoPCM();

	if (FSettings.soundq >= 1) {
		int32 *tmpo = &WaveHi[soundtsoffs];

		if (GameExpSound.HiFill) GameExpSound.HiFill();

		for (x = sound_timestamp; x; x--) {
			uint32 b = *tmpo;
			*tmpo = (b & 65535) + wlookup2[(b >> 16) & 255] + wlookup1[b >> 24];
			tmpo++;
		}

		end = NeoFilterSound(WaveHi, WaveFinal, SOUNDTS, &left);

		memmove(WaveHi, WaveHi + SOUNDTS - left, left * sizeof(uint32));
		memset(WaveHi + left, 0, sizeof(WaveHi) - left * sizeof(uint32));

		if (GameExpSound.HiSync) GameExpSound.HiSync(left);
		for (x = 0; x < 5; x++)
			ChannelBC[x] = left;
	} else {
		end = (SOUNDTS << 16) / soundtsinc;
		if (GameExpSound.Fill)
			GameExpSound.Fill(end & 0xF);

		SexyFilter(Wave, WaveFinal, end >> 4);

		if (FSettings.lowpass)
			SexyFilter2(WaveFinal, end >> 4);

		if (end & 0xF)
			Wave[0] = Wave[(end >> 4)];
		Wave[end >> 4] = 0;
	}
 nosoundo:

	if (FSettings.soundq >= 1) {
		soundtsoffs = left;
	} else {
		for (x = 0; x < 5; x++)
			ChannelBC[x] = end & 0xF;
		soundtsoffs = (soundtsinc * (end & 0xF)) >> 16;
		end >>= 4;
	}
	inbuf = end;

	return end;
}

int GetSoundBuffer(int32 **W) {
	*W = WaveFinal;
	return(inbuf);
}

/* FIXME:  Find out what sound registers get reset on reset.  I know $4001/$4005 don't,
due to that whole MegaMan 2 Game Genie thing.
*/

void FCEUSND_Reset(void) {
	int x;

	fhcnt = fhinc;
	fcnt = 0;
	nreg = 1;

	for (x = 0; x < 2; x++) {
		wlcount[x] = 2048;
		if (nesincsize)	/* lq mode */
			sqacc[x] = ((uint32)2048 << 17) / nesincsize;
		else
			sqacc[x] = 1;
		sweepon[x] = 0;
		curfreq[x] = 0;
	}
	wlcount[2] = 1;	/* 2048; */
	wlcount[3] = 2048;
	DMCHaveDMA = DMCHaveSample = 0;
	SIRQStat = 0x00;

	RawDALatch = 0x00;
	TriCount = 0;
	TriMode = 0;
	tristep = 0;
	EnabledChannels = 0;
	for (x = 0; x < 4; x++)
		lengthcount[x] = 0;

	DMCAddressLatch = 0;
	DMCSizeLatch = 0;
	DMCFormat = 0;
	DMCAddress = 0;
	DMCSize = 0;
	DMCShift = 0;
	DMCacc=1;
	DMCBitCount=0;
}

void FCEUSND_Power(void) {
	int x;

	SetNESSoundMap();
	memset(PSG, 0x00, sizeof(PSG));
	FCEUSND_Reset();

	memset(Wave, 0, sizeof(Wave));
	memset(WaveHi, 0, sizeof(WaveHi));
	memset(&EnvUnits, 0, sizeof(EnvUnits));

	for (x = 0; x < 5; x++)
		ChannelBC[x] = 0;
	soundtsoffs = 0;
	IRQFrameMode = 0x1; /* Only initialized by power-on reset, not by soft reset. NRS: don't start with Frame IRQ enabled for greater compatibility. Any game that actually uses frame IRQ will explicitly enable it, anyway. */
	LoadDMCPeriod(DMCFormat & 0xF);
}


void SetSoundVariables(void) {
	int x;

	fhinc = PAL ? 16626 : 14915;	/* *2 CPU clock rate */
	fhinc *= 24;

	if (FSettings.SndRate) {
		wlookup1[0] = 0;
		for (x = 1; x < 32; x++) {
			wlookup1[x] = (double)16 * 16 * 16 * 4 * 95.52 / ((double)8128 / (double)x + 100);
			if (!FSettings.soundq) wlookup1[x] >>= 4;
		}
		wlookup2[0] = 0;
		for (x = 1; x < 203; x++) {
			wlookup2[x] = (double)16 * 16 * 16 * 4 * 163.67 / ((double)24329 / (double)x + 100);
			if (!FSettings.soundq) wlookup2[x] >>= 4;
		}
		if (FSettings.soundq >= 1) {
			DoNoise = RDoNoise;
			DoTriangle = RDoTriangle;
			DoPCM = RDoPCM;
			DoSQ1 = RDoSQ1;
			DoSQ2 = RDoSQ2;
		} else {
			DoNoise = DoTriangle = DoPCM = DoSQ1 = DoSQ2 = Dummyfunc;
			DoSQ1 = RDoSQLQ;
			DoSQ2 = RDoSQLQ;
			DoTriangle = RDoTriangleNoisePCMLQ;
			DoNoise = RDoTriangleNoisePCMLQ;
			DoPCM = RDoTriangleNoisePCMLQ;
		}
	} else {
		DoNoise = DoTriangle = DoPCM = DoSQ1 = DoSQ2 = Dummyfunc;
		return;
	}

	MakeFilters(FSettings.SndRate);

	if (GameExpSound.RChange)
		GameExpSound.RChange();

	nesincsize = (int64)(((int64)1 << 17) * (double)(PAL ? PAL_CPU : NTSC_CPU) / (FSettings.SndRate * 16));
	memset(sqacc, 0, sizeof(sqacc));
	memset(ChannelBC, 0, sizeof(ChannelBC));

	LoadDMCPeriod(DMCFormat & 0xF);	/* For changing from PAL to NTSC */

	soundtsinc = (uint32)((uint64)(PAL ? (long double)PAL_CPU * 65536 : (long double)NTSC_CPU * 65536) / (FSettings.SndRate * 16));
}

void FCEUI_Sound(int Rate) {
	FSettings.SndRate = Rate;
	SetSoundVariables();
}

void FCEUI_SetLowPass(int q) {
	FSettings.lowpass = q;
}

void FCEUI_SetSoundQuality(int quality) {
	FSettings.soundq = quality;
	SetSoundVariables();
}

void FCEUI_SetSoundVolume(uint32 volume) {
	FSettings.SoundVolume = volume;
}


SFORMAT FCEUSND_STATEINFO[] = {
	{ &fhcnt, 4 | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "FHCN" },
	{ &fcnt, 1, "FCNT" },
	{ PSG, 0x10, "PSG" },
	{ &EnabledChannels, 1, "ENCH" },
	{ &IRQFrameMode, 1, "IQFM" },
	{ &nreg, 2 | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "NREG" },
	{ &TriMode, 1, "TRIM" },
	{ &TriCount, 1, "TRIC" },

	{ &EnvUnits[0].Speed, 1, "E0SP" },
	{ &EnvUnits[1].Speed, 1, "E1SP" },
	{ &EnvUnits[2].Speed, 1, "E2SP" },

	{ &EnvUnits[0].Mode, 1, "E0MO" },
	{ &EnvUnits[1].Mode, 1, "E1MO" },
	{ &EnvUnits[2].Mode, 1, "E2MO" },

	{ &EnvUnits[0].DecCountTo1, 1, "E0D1" },
	{ &EnvUnits[1].DecCountTo1, 1, "E1D1" },
	{ &EnvUnits[2].DecCountTo1, 1, "E2D1" },

	{ &EnvUnits[0].decvolume, 1, "E0DV" },
	{ &EnvUnits[1].decvolume, 1, "E1DV" },
	{ &EnvUnits[2].decvolume, 1, "E2DV" },

	{ &lengthcount[0], 4 | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "LEN0" },
	{ &lengthcount[1], 4 | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "LEN1" },
	{ &lengthcount[2], 4 | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "LEN2" },
	{ &lengthcount[3], 4 | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "LEN3" },
	{ sweepon, 2, "SWEE" },
	{ &curfreq[0], 4 | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "CRF1" },
	{ &curfreq[1], 4 | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "CRF2" },
	{ SweepCount, 2, "SWCT" },

	{ &SIRQStat, 1, "SIRQ" },

	{ &DMCacc, 4 | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "5ACC" },
	{ &DMCBitCount, 1, "5BIT" },
	{ &DMCAddress, 4 | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "5ADD" },
	{ &DMCSize, 4 | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "5SIZ" },
	{ &DMCShift, 1, "5SHF" },

	{ &DMCHaveDMA, 1, "5VDM" },
	{ &DMCHaveSample, 1, "5VSP" },

	{ &DMCSizeLatch, 1, "5SZL" },
	{ &DMCAddressLatch, 1, "5ADL" },
	{ &DMCFormat, 1, "5FMT" },
	{ &RawDALatch, 1, "RWDA" },

	/* these are important for smooth sound after loading state */
	{ &sqacc[0], sizeof(sqacc[0]) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "SAC1" },
	{ &sqacc[1], sizeof(sqacc[1]) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "SAC2" },
	{ &RectDutyCount[0], sizeof(RectDutyCount[0]) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "RCD1"},
	{ &RectDutyCount[1], sizeof(RectDutyCount[1]) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "RCD2"},
	{ &tristep, sizeof(tristep) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "TRIS"},
	{ &lq_triacc, sizeof(lq_triacc) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "TACC" },
	{ &lq_noiseacc, sizeof(lq_noiseacc) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "NACC" },

	/* less important but still necessary */
	{ &ChannelBC[0], sizeof(ChannelBC[0]) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "CBC1" },
	{ &ChannelBC[1], sizeof(ChannelBC[1]) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "CBC2" },
	{ &ChannelBC[2], sizeof(ChannelBC[2]) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "CBC3" },
	{ &ChannelBC[3], sizeof(ChannelBC[3]) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "CBC4" },
	{ &ChannelBC[4], sizeof(ChannelBC[4]) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "CBC5" },
	{ &sound_timestamp, sizeof(sound_timestamp) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "SNTS" },
	{ &soundtsoffs, sizeof(soundtsoffs) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "TSOF"},
	{ &wlcount[0], sizeof(wlcount[0]) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "WLC1" },
	{ &wlcount[1], sizeof(wlcount[1]) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "WLC2" },
	{ &wlcount[2], sizeof(wlcount[2]) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "WLC3" },
	{ &wlcount[3], sizeof(wlcount[3]) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "WLC4" },
	{ &sexyfilter_acc1, sizeof(sexyfilter_acc1) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "FAC1" },
	{ &sexyfilter_acc2, sizeof(sexyfilter_acc2) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "FAC2" },
	{ &lq_tcout, sizeof(lq_tcout) | FCEUSTATE_RLSB, "TCOU"},

/* 2018-12-14 - Wii and possibly other big-endian platforms are having
 * issues loading states with this. Increasing it only helps a few games.
 * Disabling this state variable for Wii/WiiU/GC for now. */
/* TODO: fix this for better runahead feature for big-endian */
/* UPDATE: Try to ignore this for all big-endian for now */
#ifndef MSB_FIRST
	/* wave buffer is used for filtering, only need first 17 values from it */
	{ &Wave, 32 * sizeof(int32), "WAVE"},
#endif

	{ 0 }
};

void FCEUSND_SaveState(void) {
}

void FCEUSND_LoadState(int version) {
	int i;
	LoadDMCPeriod(DMCFormat & 0xF);
	RawDALatch &= 0x7F;
	DMCAddress &= 0x7FFF;

	/* minimal validation */
	for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
	{
		uint32 BC_max = 15;

		if (FSettings.soundq == 2)
		{
			BC_max = 1025;
		}
		else if (FSettings.soundq == 1)
		{
			BC_max = 485;
		}
		if (/* ChannelBC[i] < 0 || */ ChannelBC[i] > BC_max)
		{
			ChannelBC[i] = 0;
		}
	}
	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
	{
		if (wlcount[i] < 0 || wlcount[i] > 2048)
		{
			wlcount[i] = 2048;
		}
	}
	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
	{
		if (RectDutyCount[i] < 0 || RectDutyCount[i] > 7)
		{
			RectDutyCount[i] = 7;
		}
	}

	/* Comparison is always false because access to array >= 0. */
	/* if (sound_timestamp < 0)
	{
		sound_timestamp = 0;
	}
	if (soundtsoffs < 0)
	{
		soundtsoffs = 0;
	} */
	if (soundtsoffs + sound_timestamp >= soundtsinc)
	{
		soundtsoffs = 0;
		sound_timestamp = 0;
	}
	if (tristep > 32)
	{
		tristep &= 0x1F;
	}
}